Evolution characteristics of droughts and floods in different stage of maize in Hebei Province based on SAPEI
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Abstract:
In the context of global change, extreme weather events are frequent and recurring, leading to a continuous increase in both affected areas and risks. Among them, droughts and floods have the most widespread impact and become one of the major meteorological disasters affecting agricultural production. According to the relevant statistical results, the area affected by agriculture in 2021 is as high as 1.17×107 hm2 in China. Hebei Province is located in the North China Plain of China which belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate. Under the influence of global climate change, the temperature in Hebei Province has increased while precipitation has decreased, and the occurrence of droughts and floods has changed the growth and development of corn, which has had a huge impact on agricultural production and economic activities. Therefore, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of droughts and floods during maize reproductive period are greatly significant for the disaster for the prevention and mitigation of maize production.The research methods include SAPEI (Standardized Antecedent Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) and ArcGIS to reflect the drought and flooding characteristics of maize in Hebei Province during the reproductive period. SAPEI can not only evaluate the single-day drought and flood conditions by precipitation time and amount, but also take into account the influence of soil moisture in the early stages, which is more comprehensive and has higher monitoring accuracy. And the map in ArcGIS will visualize the spatial evolution trend of SAPEI values. Conclusion: (1) The SAPEI in Hebei Province fluctuated from ?1.0 to 1.5 in the initial growth stage, rapid development stage, middle development stage and maturity stage of maize, and the fluctuation in the initial growth stage showed an upward trend from 1980 to 2020. (2) The overall spatial variation of SAPEI in Hebei Province was characterized by a wetting trend in the initial growth period and the rapid development period of maize. The trend of wetting was obvious during the initial growth period and rapid development period, while the eastern and southern meteorological stations showed a trend of drought during the middle and mature periods. (3) The multi-year average drought accumulation index Qdl was generally distributed in a pattern of high southeast and low northwest during the maize reproductive period in Hebei Province, that means the drought in the northwest was greater than in the southeast. The multi-year average flood accumulated index Qwl varied from 21.07 to 37.85, and the distribution pattern of annual average of accumulated index of drought and flood corresponded with the distribution pattern of precipitation in Hebei Province. The results will provide a theoretical basis for agricultural meteorological disaster risk assessment and disaster prevention and mitigation management decisions in Hebei Province.
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