水质评价是水环境领域一项非常普通的工作，采用的方法有单因子评价方法和综合评价方法。但到底采用单因子评价方法还是综合评价方法，目前没有统一；如何把单因子评价方法和综合评价方法结合起来进行评价，目前还鲜有研究。本文针对水质评价工作，借鉴和谐度方程计算思路，提出和谐度方程（HDE）评价方法，并应用于水质评价（包括单因子评价和综合评价）中。HDE评价方法既可以代替综合评价方法，又可以表达单因子评价方法，即统一了单因子评价方法和综合评价方法。本文详细介绍了HDE评价方法的具体步骤，并举例说明其应用过程。本文研究既拓展了和谐论理论方法体系的研究领域，又促进水质评价方法的统一，并可为其他综合评价所借鉴。

Water quality assessment is a very ordinary work in the field of water environment, and the evaluation methods generally involve single factor evaluation method and comprehensive evaluation method. However, choosing single factor evaluation method or comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate water quality is something of a dilemma. It is noteworthy that researching how to combine the single factor evaluation method and the comprehensive evaluation method to assess water quality is still given less concern. In order to achieve the above research, this paper learns from the calculation idea of harmony degree equation to put forward a evaluation method of harmony degree equation (HDE) applied to water quality assessment which includes single factor evaluation and comprehensive evaluation. HDE evaluation method not only can replace the comprehensive evaluation method, but also can represent the single factor evaluation method -- that is, it has successfully combined the single factor evaluation method and the comprehensive evaluation method. In this paper, the concrete steps of HDE evaluation method were expounded in detail and cases study was carried out to explain the application process. Research results in this study can expand the application fields of harmony theory, promote the unity of water quality assessment methods and provide reference for other comprehensive assessment.

国家自然科学基金（51279183）；河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划（13IRTSTHN030）