用水定额对建立节水型社会、缓解水资源紧缺状况、实现以水资源的可持续利用支持国民经济可持续发展具 有十分重要的现实意义。总结我国29 个省级单位发布的用水定额并进行分析, 发现存在着用水定额形式不同、发 布用水定额单位不同以及用水定额修编情况不同的特点, 指出我国各地区存在着用水定额体系不完善、定额关系不 明确、操作性差、制定方法不统一等问题。为此, 提出了完善用水定额方法、明确用水定额概念、用水定额修订等建 议, 为用水定额的管理和完善提供了借鉴。

Wat er co nsumpt ion quo ta is of g reat impo rtance fo r co nstr ucting t he water2saving society , alleviating the w ater scar city co nditions, realizing and suppor ting the sustainable dev elo pment of water resources and eco nomy. In this paper , w ater consump2 tion quota data issued in 29 pr ovinces o f China w ere ana lyzed. T he results showed that wat er co nsumption quota in differ ent pr ov inces has differ ent character istics of quota fo rm, issued department, and revision conditio ns. Some pr oblems ex isted in the water co nsumption quota, such that the quot a system is no t so und, quo ta r elationship is unclear , quo ta o per atio n is no t well per2 fo rmed, and quo ta establishment method is no t unique. Based on such pro blems, count ermeasur es w ere pr oposed, including com2 plet ing the metho ds o f water co nsumpt ion quota, conducting the clear definition o f water consumption quota, and impr oving the revision of w ater consum ption quota.

国家自然科学基金面上项目( 51279006)